4,000 years ago in the Indus Valley of what will someday be modern Pakistan, a Harappan huntress is attacking a troublesome tiger from atop her elephant.
Although the region is dominated by arid desert today, in ancient times the floodplains of the Indus would have supported a variety of South Asian wildlife such as Indian elephants, one-horned rhinoceros, zebu, and Bengal tigers. The Harappan peoples, who laid the foundation of South Asian urban civilization between 3300-1900 BC, would have represented all the aforementioned species and many more in their artwork.